Mold for casting ingots



Feb. 24, 19.25.v

A. J. LEWANDOWSKI ET AL MOLD FOR CASTING INGOTS Filed Jan. 10, 1923 kif-ff Patented F eb. 24, 1925.

UNITED ASTATES PATENT OFFICE.

ADAM J'. LEWANDOWSKI AND SALVADOR IPOLITO, 0F PORT HURON, MICHIGAN; SAID POLITO ASSIGNOR TO SAID LEWANDOWSKI.

MOLD FOR CASTING INGOTS.

Application filed January 10, 1923. Serial No. 611,774.

To all who/m. t may concern:

Be it known that we, ADAM J. LEWAN- DoWsKI and SALVADOR PoLrro, citizens of the United States, residing atPort Huron, in the county of Saint Clair and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in` Molds for Casting Ingots; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to casting molds generally and more particularly to an improved mold for casting brass billets.

The general practice in casting billets in most foundries prior to the present time is to employ molds about four feet long which are split longitudinally, so that they can be opened to permit the removal of the billets.

Three rings are usually employed with each of these molds, and these rings surround the mold and :are fastened with wedges. When the mold is filled with hot metal, the metal nearest the sides of the mold becomes cooled before the metal at the center, and this central metal will remain hot for a considerable length of time and shrink, and owing to this the central portion of the billet has to be supplied with molten metal until the shrinking discontinues. This procedure leaves a rough top on the billet which has to be cut off before the billet is used, and for this reason the mold has to be longer than the length of the finished billet. In the usual method, one end is out off from the billet and then the billet is cut in two pieces, each of which forms a billet in itself. The piece of waste material cut from the end of the billet weighs about twenty-five pounds and it must be remelted in order to be utilized. The mold provided by the present invention forms a solid billet having no waste portions. Owing to the present construction the metal will shrink evenly all around andl an even surface will remain at the top of the billet after the same has been cast. This has been found to be the case from actual practice and the use of the present mold will eliminate sawing the billet.

vIhemold forming the subject-matter of the present invention is of simple and inexpensive construction and in use it will save time and labor and eliminate the necessity of removing waste portions from the billet. The billet formed by the present mold is ready for the road mill as soon as it is removed from the mold, and the billet will'not contain blow-holes or cavities.

From the foregoing it will be understood lthat it is the primary ob-ject of the present invention to provide a novel mold capable of producing billets'free from piping and blotw-holes and of -solid structure throughou With the foregoing object outlined and with other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in the novel features hereinafter described in detail, illustrated in the accompanying drawing and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the imtprov/ed mold with the cover in open posiion.

Fig 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the same with the cover closed.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the base portion of the mold.

Fig. 4 is a side view partly in vertical section of a portion of a billet and the mold base, illustratingthe manner in which the billet is keyed to the base during pouring.

In the drawing, l designates a base of any suitable construction and preferably formed of cast iron provided with bolt holes 21 to facilitate bolting or anchoring the base to a suitable foundation. The base is preferably provided with an upwardly extending lintegral substantially cylindrical portion 3 provided at one side with a dovetail recess-i, the upper end of which is of smaller area than the lower end.

A mold body 5 preferably of cylindrical shape and made of a single piece of cast iron rests on the base 1 and has a bore 6 of tapered or frustro-conical shape, the lower portion of which snugly engages the circular surface of the cylinder 3. The upper end of the bore 6 is of less area than its lower end in order that the body 5 may be raised off of the base and ofi" of the billet .cast bythe mold, and this upper end of the bore has its surface merging into a horizontal annular shoulder 7, which merges into a cylindrical surface 8, that is of greater diameter than the bore 6. The shoulder 7 and cylindrical wardly extending flange 11-at its lower end, which rests on the shoulder 7. This collar is provided with a lining 12radapted to aid in preventing too rapid cooling of the molten metal at the upper end of the mold, and it is to be noted that the bore 13 of the lining forms a continuation of the surface of the bore 6, so that the metal may readily flow through the bore of the lining into the bore of the body 5.

Arranged at the upper end of the body 5 is a cover 14 preferably connected to the body by means of a hinge 15 and having a lining 16 designed to close the bore of the ring 9 and also aid in preventing too rapid cooling of the molten metal within the upper end of the body 5. The linings 12 and 16 are preferably formed of a composition including three parts of asbestos, one part of kaolin clay, one part of silica sodaand water, and it has been found in practice that this composition will last for about one hundred operations,rthat isV for about one hundred charges in the mold. When the lining loses its eiiiciency, it may be readily replaced, and to facilitate re-lining the collar 10, said collar is preferably removable from the body of the mold.

In operation, the inner surface of the bores6and13,and the upper surface of the member 3, are washed with plumbago and oil i before pouring the metal, and this will permit the mold to slide easily off the billet and leave the bores smooth. This washing will also facilitate the removing of the billet from the base. After pouring the mold full of hot metal and closing the cover for about live minutes, which is about the time rethe metal at the upper portion ofthe mold will not be dissipated as rapidly as that in the metal below the rin 9, and cons uently as the metal below sait? ring cools an shrinks, the molten metal above will automatically descend into the cavities formed by the shrinkage and will thus prevent blow-holes and piping.

The lower portion of a billet 17 is shown in Figure 4 and it yvill be seen that the metal during pouring will enter the recess 4 and form a lug 18 that functions .to key the billet to the member 3. This key prevents the billet from rising when the mold body 5 is raised upwardly oof the billet. After the body of the mold is raised, the billet may be detached by moving the billet in the direction of the arrow 19, and this will cause the lug 18 to detach itself from the recess 4. Subsequently the lug 18 may be detached from thebillet by striking said lug with a hammer or the like.

The upper end of the mold body is provided with diametrically opposite notches 20 to receive the tongues used in stripping the mold body from the ingot. Recesses 21 are also varranged at the upper end of the mold body to receive a tool employed in removing -the ring 10 from the mold body.

From the foregoing it is believed that the construction, operation and advantages of the invention may be readily understood and it is apparent that various changes may be made in the construction disclosed, without departing from the spirit of the invention as expressed in the claims.

What is claimed and desired to be secured by Letters-Patent is:

1. A mold including a base provided with a vertical extension having a key recess at one end of its edges provided at its upper end with a reduced portion, and a hollow mold body resting on said base and surrounding said extension, said recess communicating with the interior of said mold body to permit molten metal poured in the mold body to flow into the recess and key a cast billet to said base against axial movement but permitting the detachment of the billet from the base when the billet is moved in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the billet.

2. A mold including a base provided with an upwardly extendlng portion having a key recess at its edge provided at its upper end with a reduced portion, and a mold body restin on said base and having a bore tapere surface of the upwardly extended portion of the base snugly engaging the surface of said bore, and said bore communicating with said recess to permit molten metal poured in the bore of said mold body to flow into said recess and thus key a cast billet to the base against axial movement while the mold body is being stripped from the billet.

3. A mold lncluding a hollow body portion having a base closing the lower end of its bore, a lining ring of heat insulating material arranged at the upper portion o said bore, and a cover for closing the upper end of the bore of said'rin and provlded with a lining of heat insu atingf material adapted to snugly engage the upper end of said rin and maintain metal in the bore of the ring in heated condition for a relatively great len h of time.

4. In a mol a hollow body portion, a heat insulating annulusforming the inner surface of the upper portion of the bore of said body, and a cover provided with a from bottom to top, the outer heat insulating lining designed to vsnugly engage the upper edge of the heat insulating annulus and close the upper end of the bore of said body portion.

5. The combination with a mold having a'bore, of a metal ring arranged within the body portion, and an annulus of heat insulating material arranged within said ring and located at one end of said bore, the surface of the bore of said annulus forming a continuation of the surface of the bore of the body portion. 6. A mold including a body portion having a bore, said bore including a portion tapered from bottom to top, the upper end of the tapered portion merging into' a shoulder, and an enlarged cylindrical surface also merging into said shoulder, a ring engaging said cylindrical portion and having a flange at 'its lower end restin on said shoulder, and an annulus of heat insulating material arranged withinl said ring and having the surface of its bore formmg a continuation of the tapered surface of the bore of the mold bod 7. A mold incliiding a body portion having a bore, an annulus of heat insulatin material arranged at the upper end of sai .of its bore forming ysurface ofthe bore of the body portion, and

tion, an annulusof heat insulating `material carried by said ring and having a surface a continuation of the a cover for closing the upper end of said bores provided with a lining of heat insulatin material.

n testimony whereof we aiix our signatures in presence of two subscribing witnesses. Y

- ADAM J. LEWANDOWSKI.

SALVADOR` PoLI'ro.

Witnesses:

WILIJAM J. POWELL, JOHN R. GANLIS. 

